Earth and Planetary Sciences 131

 

Risk

 

Fall Quarter, 2023

 

John Rundle

Professor of Physics and Earth and Planetary Sciences

 

Above: Tsunami from Magnitude 9.1 Earthquake on March 11, 2011

 

Video of Tsunami Inundation

 

(NHK Image and Video)



Course Syllabus

Lectures can be found in the folders HERE

Also please see videos and other hazards commentary at the Global Hazards News Feed

Resource: Association of Pacific Rim Universities Multihazards Hub


 

Get Adobe Acrobat Reader

 

Please note that course work can be turned into Professor Rundle on the class Canvas site by 5:00 pm on the due date.


Please also refer to the code of academic conduct


Also Note the Student Resource Page


 

Current News Items

Derna, Libya Flood 9/10/2023

Morocco Earthquake 9/8/2023

Turkish Earthquake 2/5/2023 (11:33)

Analysis of Human Impacts on Climate Change 12/14/2022

Possible Paths to Net Zero by 2100 (News plus interactive apps) 12/2/2022

Hurricane Ian Damage Maps and Videos 10/2/2022

Hurricane Ian Damage was Second Highest in US History after Katrina 10/2/2022

Hurricane Fiona 9/20/2022 (2:47)

California Wildfires 9/7/2022 (3:11)

Deadly Heat Wave in US 9/8/2022

Global Carbon Emissions 11/12/2021

Bill Gates Move to Nuclear Power


Week of:

Topic:

Reading Assignment

Chapter/Section

(Refers to 8th Edition)

Weekly Questions

1 September 25


Introduction to Natural Disasters

Introductory Video on Natural Disasters 2020 (8:16)

Geoff West on Cities-I (7:17)

Geoff West on Cities-II (17:33)

Nat Geo Video on the Origin of the Sun and Planets (5:00)

Nat Geo Video on the Origin of Earth (3:32)

APRU Multihazards Program at Tohoku University Video (2:44)

APRU Multihazards Program at Tohoku University

Video on Plate Tectonics I (9:21)

Video on Plate Tectonics II (5:13)

PBS Video on Plate Tectonics (9:17)

Living in Cities (NY Times)

Nat Geo Article on Plate Tectonics


Chapter 1

(Lectures 1,2 in folders)

Questions on Introduction

2 October 2


Earth Structure and Origin

Earthquake Science

Earthquakes 101 (Nat Geo - 5:01)

Volcanoes 101 (Nat Geo - 3:04)

Seismology 101 (Caltech - 9:26)

Seismic Waves (Khan Academy - 8:38)

Hawaiian Earthquakes (3:19)


Chapters 2,3

(Lectures 3-7 in folders)

See Especially:
Lecture 4-6 Summary
Lecture 7

NY Times article on how the poor are most affected by natural disasters

Questions on Earth Structure


Questions on Earthquake Science
3 October 9


Earthquake Science (cont.)
Catastrophic Earthquakes

A Trip Down Market Street, April 14, 1906 (12:17)

A Trip Down Market Street, April 14, 1906 (Colorized and Sound Added)(12:17)

A Trip Down Market Street, April 28(?), 1906 (3:26))

Great Sumatra Earthquake 2004 (5:57)

Earthquakes in Puerto Rico (IRIS - 7:17)

The Great 1964 Alaska Earthquake (IRIS 6:42)

The Great 1964 Alaska Earthquake (USGS 11:53)

Five Largest Earthquakes (1:45)

Human Impacts of Haiti Earthquake (UN - 5:19)

Geology of Haiti Earthquake (WHOI - 5:52)

Response to Nepal Earthquake (4:58)

Himalaya Tectonics and Earthquakes (IRIS 6:34)

Surviving Earthquakes (5:15)

Building Response (IRIS 6:25)

Timelapse of Earthquakes Since 1950 (8:07)

Earthquake Early Warning (PBS - 25:04)

How Good are Early Warning Systems? (2:58)

ShakeAlert (4:03)

Earthquake Focal Mechanisms (IRIS - 6:35)

Pacific Northwest Earthquakes (IRIS - 8:05)

Cascadia Earthquake Worst Disaster (Weathered 10:54)

Pacific Northwest Earthquakes - Earthquake Early Warning (NSF - 3:33)

Five Most Dangerous US Earthquake Hotspots Beyond California


Chapter 4

(Lectures 8-10 in folders)

Questions on Catastrophic Earthquakes

4 October 16


Tohoku Earthquake
Fukushima Meltdown

Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami (IRIS 10:30)

Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami (11:58)

Tohoku Earthquake (Nat Geo, 3:34)

Liquefaction Makuhari (3:07)

Liquefaction Chiba (2:38)

Fukushima 5 Years Later (7:52)

Japanese Videos of Tohoku Earthquake (2:20+)

What Really Happened at Fukushima (Frontline, 53:16)

Fukushima Meltdown (IAEA, 2016 - 7:30)

Fukushima Meltdown (IAEA, 7/2021 - 5:09)

Fukushima Damaged Reactors 10 Years On (Science, 3/2021 - 4:23)

Return to Fukushima (Nat Geo: 13:53)

Understanding the Fukushima Disaster (13:02)


Chapter 5

(Lectures 11-13 in folders)

Questions on Tohoku EQ
5 October 23


Tsunamis
Earthquake Forecasting

How Tsunamis Work (7:33)

Tsunamis from Megathrust Earthquakes ( IRIS - 5:43)

Potential Hawaiian Tsunami (2:00)

Potential East Coast Tsunamis (6:00)

Japan Tsunami 2011 (Nat Geo - 3:34)

Japan Tsunami (16:00)

Japan Tsunami (40:00)

Japan Tsunami (16:00, in Japanese)

La Palma Megatsunami (4:48)

La Palma Tsunami (Steve Ward 4:00)

Nuuanu Hawaii Mega Tsunami 1.5Ma (Steve Ward 5:00)

Why are Earthquakes Hard to Predict I? ( Cartooney but informative 4:53)

Why are Earthquakes Hard to Predict II? ( Cartooney but informative 3:48)

The Difficulty of Earthquake Prediction - Omori and Immamura (PBS 2:56)

Can Earthquakes Be Predicted with Machine Learning? (USGS - LANL 8:25)

InSAR: Geotechnical Applications (6:36)

InSAR: Technology I (4:28)

InSAR: A Set of Course Lectures I (Technical)

InSAR: A Set of Course Lectures II (Technical)

InSAR: Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry


Chapter 8

(Lectures 14-15 in folders)

Questions on Tsunamis
6 October 30

Volcanoes

Five Monster Volcanic Eruptions (10:00)

Eruption of Mt. St. Helens (3:47)

Eruption of Mt. St. Helens (7:17)

Eruption of Mt. St. Helens (45:00)

Volcanoes 101 (Nat Geo - 5:00)

Eruption of Kilauea (2018: 9:30)

Super Volcanoes 101 (Nat Geo - 3:40)

Krakatau Eruption 2018 (4:43)

White Island Eruption (2019 - 9:02)

White Island Eruption (2019 - 44:00) 2019

White Island Eruption - Survivor (2019 - 3:22) 2019

White Island Eruption - Survival Tale (2019 - 7:49) 2019

Icelandic Volcano (3:34)

Kraktau Eruption I, August 1883 (History 2:48)

Kraktau Eruption II, August 1883 (Narrated 7:04)

Campei Flegrei and Vesuvius (Geology Hub - 5:19)

Santorini I (Smithsonian - 3:31)

Santorini II (Greek Reporter and Geology Hub - 4:40)

Santorini III (Daily Dose - 3:15)

Geology of Long Valley (4:50)

Potential Eruption Long Valley (3:10)

La Palma Eruption, Canary Islands, 2021

Potential Yellowstone Eruption (Smithsonian (3:29)

NASA Idea on Yellowstone Volcano (Tech Insider 4:19)


Chapter 6,7

(Lecture 16 in folders)

Questions on Volcanoes

Guidelines for Paper

Example Paper

First Paper Due on Solid Earth Hazards:
Friday November 3

7 November 6

Introduction to the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Structure (9:35)

Overview of the Atmosphere I (12:52)

Overview of the Atmosphere II (12:52)

Overview of the Aurorae (5:43)

Levels of the Atmosphere (4:05)

Layers of the Atmosphere (Met Office - 2:36)

Layers of the Atmosphere and their characteristics (8:10)

Energy Balance (4:43)

Air Pollution Health Effects (5:29)

Atmospheric Science and Dynamics

Open Weather Map

Introduction to Atmospheric Dynamics (Paul Ullrich, UCD - 16:47)

Coriolis Effect (1:53)

Coriolis Effect (Met Office - 6:18)

Weather (Met Office - 12:12)

Weather Fronts (Met Office - 4:02)

The Jet Stream Explained (Met Office - 5:25)

Global Circulations I (Met Office - 2:50)

Global Circulations II (Met Office - 3:35)

Global Circulations III (Met Office - 6:18)

Ozone Depletion (Nat Geo - 3:25)

Ozone Hole (NASA - 2:53)

How to Read Synoptic Charts (Met Office - 4:09)

What are Weather Fronts? (Met Office - 5:28)

Polar Vortex (Nat Geo - 2:41)

Atmospheric Rivers I (UC Scripps - 1:27)

Atmospheric Rivers II (Globe/Mail - 3:35)


Chapters 9,12

(Lectures 17-18 in folders)


Questions on Atmospheric Structure


Questions on Atmospheric Science



8 November 13  

Ocean Dynamics

Ocean Conveyor (5:04)

Ocean Conveyor (Nat Geo Ballard - 2:33)

Ocean Currents (4:33)

Is the Gulf Stream Collapsing? (13:32)

What if Gulf Stream Shut Down? (4:06)

PBS: Is the AMOC Shutting Down (13:03)

Disrupting the Ocean Conveyor (UN - 8:12)

Lecture on Slowing Down of Gulf Stream, by Dr. Stefan Rahmstorf (U. Potsdam, 27:00, includes movie clips from Day After Tomorrow)

Lecture on Rising Seas, by Dr. Stefan Rahmstorf (U. Potsdam, 31:00)

6 Climate Tipping Points (PBS 13:53)

Why Don't the Oceans Mix? (8:47)

Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2020 (0:33)


Chapters 10,11,13

(Lectures 19-20 in folders)

 

Questions on Ocean Dynamics
9 November 20

 

Global Warming
Atmospheric Modes

Movie Trailer for Merchants of Doubt (1:59)

Global Warming 101 (Nat Geo - 3:04)

Causes and Effects of Climate Change (Nat Geo - 3:03)

Climate Change Terminology (6:32)

Bill Nye on Climate Change (Nat Geo 4:09)

ENSO (Met Office - 4:26)

ENSO Walker Circulation (6:19)

ENSO (Nat Geo - 2:50)

El Nino - La Nina (4:26)

Understanding ENSO (Bureau of Meteorology - 4:13)

What is ENSO (6:19)

North Atlantic Oscillation (MET Office - 2:12)

Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (MET Office - 2:27)

North Atlantic Oscillation (Met Office - 2:12)

Madden Julian Oscillation (AU Met - 3:45)

Pacific Decadal Oscillation (Met Office - 2:49)

Milankovich Cycles (6:34)

Glaciers (Nat Geo 4:05)

Antarctica is Losing Ice (PBS - 9:40)

What if Greenland Ice Melted? (8:25)

Possible Collapse of Thwaites Glacier (4:58)

PBS Update on Thwaites Melting (8:27)

Mashable Update on Thwaites Melting (6:08)

Origin of Ice Ages (Volcanoes: 10:58)

What if All the Ice Melted? (2:54)

Discussion of Greenland Ice Melting from a Former Climate Denier

The Collapse of Antarctica Could Happen Soon (Scientific American)

Impacts on the Antarctic (Interactive)

Change in Global Temps (Washington Post)

Erik Conway Slides


(Lectures 21-22 in folders)

2011 Tornado Outbreak Video


Questions on Global Warming

Questions on Modes

10 November 27


Tropical Cyclones

Catastrophic Cyclones

Formation of Tropical Cyclones (3:41)

Tropical Cyclones (Nat Geo 2:57)

Physics of Hurricanes (PBS - 6:28)

How Hurricanes Form (Insider - 6:46)

Tropical Cyclones (9:52)

Storm Surge (NOAA - 2:35)

Notable Tropical Cyclones (6:42)

Doomed New Orleans (2:56)

Flooding of New Orleans (4:47)

Future of New Orleans (PBS - 7:17)

Hurricane Katrina 15 Years Later (5:32)

A Flight with the 53rd Weather Recon Squadron (4:26)

Superstorm Sandy 2012 (NOAA - 3:06)

Recovery from Super Typhoon Haiyan (Americares - 4:51)


Tornadoes
Wildfires
Floods

Tornadoes 101 (Nat Geo - 5:31)

Tornado Videos (6:47)

Tornado in Davis, CA 9/29/2019 (3:21)

Wildfires (Nat Geo - 3:12)

Wildfire Science (WSJ - 6:22)

Western Wildfires 2020 (3:35)

California Wildfires 2020 I (8:56)

California Wildfires 2020 II (9:32)

Canadian Wildfires 2023(PBS 4:05)

Hawaii Infernos 2023(Sky News 10:22)

Five Largest Flash Floods (9:19)

Droughts 101 (Nat Geo 2:58)

Droughts and Climate Change (3:51)

Landslides (Nat Geo 3:46)


Chapters 14, 15

(Lectures 23-27 in folders)

New York Times Article:
"In Nature's Casino"
 

Flood Risk in Sacramento:
(Washington Post)

Interactive Flood Plain Maps

Calfire Incidents

Questions on Tropical Cyclones

Questions on Catastrophic Cyclones

Questions on Miscellaneous Disasters

 

11 December 4
Landslides
Disaster Economics
Disaster Response
Bolide Impacts

Nova Program on Chixulub Impact (120:00)

Video on the Tanis site (BBC 3:17)

Nova Chixulub Impact Teaser(0:30)

Extinction Level Bolide Impact Animation (9:29)

Meteorite Strikes Russia (4:29)

Chelyabinsk Meteorite (NASA - 3:44)

Impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy (3:59)

Simulation of Chicxulub Impact I (S.Ward - 4:07)

Simulation of Chicxulub Impact II (S.Ward - 8:19)

10 Massive Landslides (12:28)

Disasters Economics (11:57)

Gallagher Re Natural Catastrophe Report Q1-Q3 2023

Munich Re Report 2023

Effect of Disasters on Economic Growth

Disaster Response

Association of Pacific Rim Universities Multihazards Hub

 

(Lectures 23-30 in folders)

Second Paper Due on Atmospheric or Other Hazards:
Wednesday December 13